Errors found and suggestions to improve Bhatnagar & Livingston: 
Fundamentals of Solar Astronomy, 2005:

last updated: April 12, 2006 by H.Woehl

1) p.33: I think that the U2-rocket was an A4/V2-rocket and some texts read:
... flown on October 10, 1946 with a captured V2 rocket by the US Naval Research ...  
so better in the mid 40s not the late forties.
The 'A' stands for the german word 'Aggregat' and the
'V' for 'Vergeltungswaffe'. 
I do not know about an U2-rocket.

2) p.42: The European continent and the Canary Islands may be seen nearby eachother from
the USA and India, but most Europeans see the Canary Islands nearby the African Continent...

3) p.42/43: Of course it is not easy to write a foreign language, but maybe it
would be better to write "THEMIS" is an acronym, instead of such a one given.
The full french name is: Télescope Héliographique pour l'Étude du Magnétisme et des 
Instabilités Solaires.

4) p.43/44: There is nothing like a "Kiepenheuer Solar Observatory" on the
Canary Islands ! If at all one would call something the Kiepenheuer observatory,
then it would be the old solar observatory in the Black Forrest some 20 km
driving distance away from the headquarters of the Kiepenheuer-Institut fuer
Sonnenphysik (KIS) at Freiburg in Germany. The solar telescopes described
are "The German solar telescopes at the Observatorio del Teide" similar to the
title of the cited paper by Schroeter et al. (1985): The KIS operates these
telescopes for the german (and international) solar community at the spanish "Observatorio
del Teide" (- the same observatory which houses THEMIS). Presently only the German VTT
is operational: The small Vacuum Newton Telescope is no longer used and the
Gregory-Coude-Telescope was removed from the top of the big building shown in
the left part of Fig. 2.9. This building houses now the structure of GREGOR,
the new dome and soon hopefully also the CESIC(R) mirrors. See for the status
the www-pages at:
http://gregor.kis-uni-freiburg.de

5) p.49: 12.The KIS has closed down the special telescope for full disk
H alpha images end of 2004. A new device called ChroTel will be installed
hopefully soon to obtain full diks images of the Sun in different spectral regions.

6) p.82: The energy produced in the Sun's center needs about 10 million years to reach 
the surface - instead of 10 000 years ! See the publication of M. Stix, 2003:
On the time scale of energy transport in the sun, Solar Physics, vol. 212, 3-6

7) p. 98, upper section: When giving the difference of synodic and sidereal
rotation periods with 4 digits, it should also be mentioned that this value changes 
with the year. So when computing the last from the first, we cannot just add this value, 
but have to take into account the different velocity of the Earth in its orbit. The 
correction has a peak-to-peak change of about 0.15 days for a sidereal period of 25.38 days
(the Carrington period of solar rotation). For details see e.g. Rosa et al. 1995,
The relation between the synodic and sidereal rotation period of the Sun, Solar 
Phys. vol. 159, 393-398.

8) p.99: When the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) with daily positions
of sunspot groups collected for more than a century (1874 until 1976) are mentioned, 
the reader wonders why the cited reduction for single-recurrent groups gives a formula 
of the differential rotation only from data of the decade 1934-1944 ?! In fact since 
20 years there exists a full reduction of the GPR by Balthasar et al. 1986: Differential 
rotation of sunspot groups in the period from 1874 through 1976 and changes of the 
rotation velocity within the solar cycle, Astron.Astrophys. vol. 155, 87-98.

9) p.103: The famous book of Scheiner is not the "Hosaursina", but "Rosa Ursina sive Sol..." 
- see p.183 and the image of the title-page linked to the end of the section "my first impression".

10) p.104: There is the large Figure 3.10 suggesting that the solar rotation was similar
to modern values in 1620 from Scheiner's observation, but increased by about 0.5 degree
per day at the equator from Hevelius' drawings. In addition a much steeper gradient of
the differential rotation in these data was claimed by Eddy, Trotter and Gilman (1977).
Abarbanell and Woehl, 1981: Solar rotation velocity as determined from sunspot drawings of
J. Hevelius in the 17th century, Solar Phys. vol. 70, 197-203, show a much smaller
increase of the sunspot rotation of about 0.1 degree per day and also an only slightly 
steeper gradient of the differential rotation. All their results differ much less than
one sigma error to the curve of Ward (1966) for the modern time. They have reduced two
different original Selenographias of Hevelius with two different methods and tried to compare 
their methods with that Eddy et al. used to reduce the data from the reprint of the
Selenographia. Most likely the differences stem from errors in the Stoneyhurst disks or the
reduction method.

11) p.103/11: The comparison of solar rotation for sunspots, sunspot groups, the solar
plasma, photospheric magnetic field and especially the rotation of the solar interior
determined by helioseismolgy are interesting of course. From my point of view
the details given later about the solar rotation axis and the meridional motions would
fit here in a description of large scale motions and their possible errors and importance
to the solar dynamo. - In addition it should not just be speculated about some kind of
braking (p.103), but the facts of braking od sunspot rotation velocities with the aging of
sunspot groups was found by severeal investigators starting with Balthasar, Schuessler, 
Woehl, 1982 : On Changes of the Rotation Velocities of Stable, Recurrent Sunspots and their 
Interpretation with a Flux Tube Model, Solar Phys. vol. 76, 21-28.

12) p.123 /Fig.4.4: There is no "Kiepenheuer Vacuum Telescope" - the correct name is
"Vacuum Tower Telescope" or "German Vacuum Tower Telescope" - like in the text under
Fig. 4.4. For this Figure 4.4 the credits should go to my colleague Anastasios Nesis,
not Neiss (page 433, bottom); but his name is correctly typed on page 128...

13) p.159: The reference to Fig. 7.6 at the end of the 6th line should read: Fig. 8.6.

14) p.162 and p.392: The "Bartel" cited two times on page 162 should be Julius Bartels 
(who was born 18 August 1899 and died 6 March 1964). Still famous is the book:
Chapman, Sidney, and Julius Bartels, Geomagnetism, 1049 pp., Oxford University Press, 
New York, 1940.
Similar the Bartel's rotation number should then be called Bartels' rotation number
and the name changed from Julius Bartel to Julius Bartels.

15) p.181: There is a publication by Wittmann and Xu, 1987: A catalogue of sunspot observations 
from 165 BC to AD 1684, Astron.Astrophys.Suppl.Ser. 70, 83-94 with even 235 entries.

16) p.182: Most likely not all details about the early telescopic observations of sunspots
are known. I think that the contribution of J.Casanovas, Early Observations of Sunspots: Scheiner
and Galileo, 1997: in Schmieder, del Toro-Iniesta, Vazquez (eds.): 1st Advances of Solar
Physics Euroconference, Advances in the Physics of Sunspots, ASP Conference Series vol. 118, 
3-29 is one of the best. Especially there is included on page 7 the title page of Johann 
Fabricius (he did not write himself Goldsmid) announcing his first sunspot observations 
'De Maculis in Sole Observatis...' published in 1609 in Wittenberg.

17) p.183: While H.Schwabe published about his detection of the periodicity of sunspot
occurences in the (still existing) Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes), his
discovery was rapidly distributed among scientists in general by Alexander von Humboldt
in his famous series of books 'Kosmos, Entwurf einer physischen Weltbeschreibung
(draft of a physical description of the world)', which was published 1845 until 1862 
in five volumes. In 2004 the 'Kosmos' was re-published in one big volume.

18) p.184: These ephemeris of Balthasar et al. have been suggested to use also for some
years by the IAU, but they changed later back to Carrington's ephemeris. Recently 
the analysis of the data obtained by the Michelson Doppler Imager on SoHO also
suggest a smaller i than that of Carrington: Beck and Giles, 2005: Helioseismic 
Determination of the Solar Rotation Axis, Astrophys.J vol. 621, L153--L156

19) p.225: The full disk magnetogram in Fig.5.25 stems (as can be checked in the
online archive at the National Solar Observatory) from 12 February 1989 as given
in the description beside the figure - not from 12 November 1989 as given in the 
text below the figure.

20) p.238/39: The extended dark filament shown in Fig. 5.32 and described in the
text in the second sentence of section 5.6.1 seems to have about 1 000 000 km length,
instead of nearly 100 000 km. The diameter of the Sun is about 1 400 000 km 
and even when the filament does not span a 'great circle' it lies above the 
surface of a sphere, where the circumference is much larger than the diameter.
Even a subtraction of the gaps visible may not reduce the length of this
filament to a length below 100 000 km - maybe below 1 000 000 km.

21) p.238/39: The reference to Table 5.1 on the 2nd line above the bottom of
page 238 should read Table 5.3.

22) p.420: It seems two separate refernce lists were combined but not much edited:
The paper by Ludwig Biermann from the journal Naturwissenschaften ('natural sciences'),
volume 33, page 118 published in german in 1964 appears twice, just with some
more typing errors in the first place...

23) p.422: The famous paper of Franz-Ludwig Deubner about the eigenmodes of the Sun
published in 1975 is referenced under the first part of his christian name 'Franz'
instead of the family name 'Deubner'.